Concept:Understanding different learning theories and how they explain a child's learning process.Explanation:The question states that children learn by exploring their world and through experiences, not by rewards and reinforcement. Let's look at the options:A. Behaviourism: This theory suggests learning happens through stimulus-response, rewards, and punishments. This contradicts the question.B. Cognitivism: This theory focuses on mental processes like thinking, memory, and problem-solving. It emphasizes how individuals understand their environment and use their experiences to learn. This aligns with the question's description.C. Associationism: This theory explains complex mental processes through associative links between ideas. While related to learning, it doesn't specifically highlight exploration and experience as the primary drivers in the way the question does.D. Psycho-analysis: This is a therapeutic approach focusing on unconscious processes and is not primarily a learning theory explaining how children explore and learn from experiences.Therefore, the description best fits Cognitivism, which highlights internal mental processes and how children construct knowledge through their interactions and experiences with the world.Answer:B. Cognitivism