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CBSE Class 10 Science 2020 Delhi Set 2

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Question : 8 of 10
Marks: +1, -0
(a) State the relation correlating the electric current flowing in a conductor and the voltage applied across it. Also draw a graph to show this relationship.
(b) Find the resistance of a conductor if the electric current flowing through it is 0.35 A when the potential difference across it is 1.4V1.4\,\text{V}.
Solution:  
(a) The ohm's law states that the current carrying in a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage applied across the ends of the conductor, keeping the resistance constant.
Circuit Diagram
According to ohm's law; VIV \propto I
Mathematically; V=RV = \mathbb{R}
where, V=V = Voltage applied in volts
I=I = Current flowing in circuit in amperes.
R=R = Resistance of conductor (proportionality constant)
Graphically; slope of will determine resistance of conductor.
(b) Given, current flowing through conductor
 (I) =0.35A\text{ (I) } = 0.35\,\text{A}
Potential difference across conductor (V)(V) =1.4V= 1.4\,\text{V}
We know, according to ohm's law, V=IRV = I R
  1.4V  =(0.35A)×R\Rightarrow\; 1.4\,\text{V}\; = (0.35\,\text{A}) \times R
R  =(1.4V0.35A)=4Ω\Rightarrow R\; = \left(\frac{1.4\,\text{V}}{0.35\,\text{A}}\right) = 4\,\Omega
Therefore, resistance of conductor is 4 ohms.
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