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CBSE Class 12 Chemistry 2020 Outside Delhi Set 1 Solved Paper

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Question : 31 of 37
Marks: +1, -0
Following ions are given:
Cr2+,Cu2+,Cu+,Fe2+,Fe3+,Mn3+\mathrm{Cr}^{2+}, \mathrm{Cu}^{2+}, \mathrm{Cu}^{+}, \mathrm{Fe}^{2+}, \mathrm{Fe}^{3+}, \mathrm{Mn}^{3+}
Identify the ion which is
(i) a strong reducing agent.
(ii) unstable in aqueous solution.
(iii) a strong oxidising agent.
Give suitable reason in each.
Solution:  
(i) Cr2+\mathrm{Cr}^{2+}, because its configuration changes from d4d^4 to d3d^3 and having a half-filled t2gt_{2g} level.
(ii) Cu+\mathrm{Cu}^{+}in an aqueous medium energy is required to remove one electron from Cu+\mathrm{Cu}^{+}to Cu2+\mathrm{Cu}^{2+}, high hydration energy of Cu2+\mathrm{Cu}^{2+} compensates for it. Therefore Cu+\mathrm{Cu}^{+}ion in an aqueous solution is unstable.
2Cu+Cu2+(aq)+Cu(s)2 \mathrm{Cu}^{+} \rightarrow \mathrm{Cu}^{2+}(\mathrm{aq}) + \mathrm{Cu}(\mathrm{s})
(iii) Mn3+\mathrm{Mn}^{3+}, because its configuration changes from Mn3+\mathrm{Mn}^{3+} to Mn2+\mathrm{Mn}^{2+} results in the half filled d5d^5 configuration, which has extra stability.
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