(a) (i) $\begin{array}{l} \Delta G^0 = -\text{ve} \\ E^{\circ}_{\text{Cell}} = +\text{ve} \end{array}$ for spon tan eous reaction (ii) Faraday first law of electrolysis - The amount of chemical reaction which occur at any electrode during electrolysis by a current is proportional to the quantity of electricity passed through the electrolyte (solution). OR (b) According to the equation $\mathrm{Fe}(\mathrm{s}) + 2 \mathrm{H}^{+}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow \mathrm{Fe}^{2+}(\mathrm{aq}) + \mathrm{H}_{2}(\mathrm{g})$ By applying nearest Equation - $E_{\text{cell}} = E^{\circ}_{\text{cell}} - \frac{0.0591}{n} \log \frac{\mathrm{Fe}^{2+}}{[\mathrm{H}^{+}]^2}$ $=0.44 - \frac{0.0591}{2} \log \frac{0.001}{1}$ $=0.44 - 0.0295 \log 10^{-3}$ $=0.44 - 0.0295(-3 \log 10)$ as, $(\log 10 = 1)$ $=0.44 + 0.089$ $E_{\text{cell}} = 0.53\ \mathrm{V}$