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CBSE Class 12 Math 2009 Solved Paper

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Question : 24 of 29
Marks: +1, -0
Using matrices, solve the following system of equations:
2x – 3y + 5 = 11
3x + 2y – 4z = -5
x + y – 2z= -3
Solution:  
2x – 3y + 5 = 11
3x + 2y – 4z = -5
x + y – 2z= -3
System of equations can be written as AX = B
Where, A = [235324112]\begin{bmatrix} 2 & -3 & 5 \\ 3 & 2 & -4 \\ 1 & 1 & -2 \end{bmatrix}
X = [xyz]\begin{bmatrix} x \\ y \\ z \end{bmatrix} , B = [1153]\begin{bmatrix} 11 \\ -5 \\ -3 \end{bmatrix}
A = [235324112]\begin{bmatrix} 2 & -3 & 5 \\ 3 & 2 & -4 \\ 1 & 1 & -2 \end{bmatrix}
|A| = 2(- 4 + 4) + 3 ( - 6 + 4) + 5 (3 - 2)
|A| = - 6 + 5 = - 1 ≠ 0
A1A^{-1} exists and system of equations has a unique solution
A1A^{-1} = 1A\frac{1}{|A|} (adj A)
adj A = [01229231513]\begin{bmatrix} 0 & -1 & 2 \\ 2 & -9 & 23 \\ 1 & -5 & 13 \end{bmatrix}
A1A^{-1} = 1A[01229231513]\frac{1}{|A|}\begin{bmatrix} 0 & -1 & 2 \\ 2 & -9 & 23 \\ 1 & -5 & 13 \end{bmatrix}
= [01229231513]\begin{bmatrix} 0 & 1 & -2 \\ -2 & 9 & -23 \\ -1 & 5 & -13 \end{bmatrix}
X = A1BA^{-1}B = [01229231513]\begin{bmatrix} 0 & 1 & -2 \\ -2 & 9 & -23 \\ -1 & 5 & -13 \end{bmatrix} [1153]\begin{bmatrix} 11 \\ -5 \\ -3 \end{bmatrix}
X = [5+62245+691125+39]\begin{bmatrix} -5+6 \\ -22-45+69 \\ -11-25+39 \end{bmatrix} = [123]\begin{bmatrix} 1 \\ 2 \\ 3 \end{bmatrix}
So x = 1 , y = 2 , z = 3
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