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CBSE Class 12 Math 2024 All Sets Solved Paper

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Question : 2 of 20
Marks: +1, -0
Let f:R+[5,)f: \mathbb{R}_+ \rightarrow [-5, \infty) be defined as f(x)=9x2+6x5f(x) = 9x^2 + 6x - 5, where R+\mathbb{R}_+ is the set of all non-negative real numbers. Then, f is :
Solution:  
one-one
Let x1,x2R+x_1, x_2 \in \mathbb{R}_+ and f(x1)=f(x2)f(x_1) = f(x_2)
(9x1)2+6x15=(9x2)2+6x25(9x_1)^2 + 6x_1 -5 = (9x_2)^2 + 6x_2 - 5
(9x1)2+6x1=(9x2)2+6x2(9x_1)^2 + 6x_1 = (9x_2)^2 + 6x_2 (removing -5 from both side)
(3x1)2+2x1=(3x2)2+2x2(3x_1)^2 + 2x_1 = (3x_2)^2 + 2x_2 (dividing 3 on both side)
(3x1)2(3x2)2+2x12x2=0(3x_1)^2 - (3x_2)^2 + 2x_1 - 2x_2 = 0
3(x12x22)+2(x1x2)=0\Rightarrow 3(x_1^2 - x_2^2) + 2(x_1 - x_2) = 0
3(x1x2)(x1+x2)+2(x1x2)=03(x_1 - x_2)(x_1 + x_2) + 2(x_1 - x_2) = 0
x1x2=0x_1 - x_2 = 0 (OR) x1+x2+2=0x_1 + x_2 + 2 = 0
Consider x1+x2+2=0x1=x22x_1 + x_2 + 2 = 0 \Rightarrow x_1 = -x_2 - 2
As x1,x2R+x_1, x_2 \in \mathbb{R}_+ (non-negative real numbers), it (x1+x2+2=0)(x_1 + x_2 + 2 = 0) can not be possible. So x1x2=0x1=x2x_1 - x_2 = 0 \Rightarrow x_1 = x_2
Hence it is one-one.
onto
Let y=f(x)y = f(x) and y[5,]y \in [-5, \infty]
So y=9x2+6x5y = 9x^2 + 6x - 5
9x2+6x5y=09x^2 + 6x - 5 - y = 0
x=6±624×9×(y5)2×9x = \frac{-6 \pm \sqrt{6^2 - 4 \times 9 \times (-y -5)}}{2 \times 9} (by using formula x=b±b24ac2ax = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a} for quadratic equation ax2+bx+c=0ax^2 + bx + c = 0)
x=6±36+36(y+5)18x = \frac{-6 \pm \sqrt{36 + 36(y+5)}}{18}
x=6±6y+618\Rightarrow x = \frac{-6 \pm 6\sqrt{y+6}}{18}
x has two solution x=1y+63x = \frac{-1 - \sqrt{y+6}}{3} and x=1+y+63x = \frac{-1 + \sqrt{y+6}}{3}. We need to prove either one solution (x) exists for every y[5,)y \in [-5, \infty). In the solution x=1y+63x = \frac{-1 - \sqrt{y+6}}{3}, x is the negative number for any y in the given range. Now we left with x=1+y+63x = \frac{-1 + \sqrt{y+6}}{3}. For y = -5, x = 0 and any value greater then -5 x is always non negative real numbers. It proves that every value in the range y[5,)y \in [-5, \infty) there exists a value in domain xR+\rightarrow x \in \mathbb{R}_+. Hence it is onto.
So the function is bijective (one-one and onto).
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