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CBSE Class 12 Physics 2013 Paper

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Question : 9 of 29
Marks: +1, -0
Write a relation between current and drift velocity of electrons in a conductor. Use this relation to explain how the resistance of a conductor changes with the rise in temperature.
Solution:  
The relation between current and drift velocity of electron is
I=neAvdI = n e A v_d
n=number density of electronsn = \text{number density of electrons}
A=cross-sectional areaA = \text{cross-sectional area}
e=charge of electrone = \text{charge of electron}
I=currentI = \text{current}
vd=eEmlτv_d = \frac{e E}{m l} \tau
E=potential difference across the conductorE = \text{potential difference across the conductor}
τ=Relaxation time\tau = \text{Relaxation time}
l=length of the conductorl = \text{length of the conductor}
∴I=neA×eVmlτ\therefore I = n e A \times \frac{e V}{m l} \tau
R=VI=mlnAe2τR = \frac{V}{I} = \frac{m l}{n A e^2 \tau}
As the temperature increases, the number of collisions increases and Ï„\tau decreases and hence the resistance increases.
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