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CBSE Class 12 Physics 2020 Delhi Set 3 Paper

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Question : 2 of 7
Marks: +1, -0
Calculate for how many years the fusion of 2.0 kg2.0 \text{ kg} deuterium will keep 800 W800 \text{ W} electric lamp glowing. Take the fusion reaction as
Solution:  
12H+12H→23He+01n+3.27 MeV{}_1^2\mathrm{H}+{}_1^2\mathrm{H}\rightarrow {}_2^3\mathrm{He}+{}_0^1\mathrm{n}+3.27 \text{ MeV}
The given fusion reaction is:
12H+12H→23He+01n+3.27 MeV{}_1^2\mathrm{H}+{}_1^2\mathrm{H}\rightarrow {}_2^3\mathrm{He}+{}_0^1\mathrm{n}+3.27 \text{ MeV}
Amount of deuterium, m=2 kgm=2 \text{ kg}
1 mole, i.e., 2 g2 \text{ g} of deuterium contains 6.023×10236.023 \times 10^{23} atoms.
So, 2.0 kg2.0 \text{ kg} of deuterium contains   6.023×10232\; \frac{6.023 \times 10^{23}}{2}
×2000=6.023×1026   atoms   \times 2000 = 6.023 \times 10^{26} \; \text{ atoms } \;
Two atoms of deuterium fuse to release 3.27 MeV3.27 \text{ MeV} energy.
So, total energy released
  =  3.272×6.023×1026 MeV\; = \; \frac{3.27}{2} \times 6.023 \times 10^{26} \text{ MeV}
  =  3.272×6.023×1026×106×1.6\; = \; \frac{3.27}{2} \times 6.023 \times 10^{26} \times 10^6 \times 1.6 ×10−19 J\times 10^{-19} \text{ J}
  =15.75×1013 J\; = 15.75 \times 10^{13} \text{ J}
Power of the electric lamp, P=800 W=800 J/ sP = 800 \text{ W} = 800 \text{ J} / \text{ s} Hence, the energy consumed by the lamp per second =800 J= 800 \text{ J}
So, the electric lamp will glow for
  15.75×1013800 s  =0.0197×1013 s\; \frac{15.75 \times 10^{13}}{800} \text{ s} \; = 0.0197 \times 10^{13} \text{ s}
=  0.0197×101260×60×24×365  =6246.8   years   = \; \frac{0.0197 \times 10^{12}}{60 \times 60 \times 24 \times 365} \; = 6246.8 \; \text{ years } \;
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