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CBSE Class 12 Physics 2020 Delhi Set 3 Paper

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Question : 6 of 7
Marks: +1, -0
(a) Two point charges +Q1+Q_1 and Q2-Q_2 are placed rr distance apart. Obtain the expression for the amount of work done to place a third charge Q3Q_3 at the midpoint of the line joining the two charges.
(b) At what distance from charge +Q1+Q_1 on the line joining the two charges (in terms of Q1,Q2Q_1, Q_2 and r) will this work done be zero?
Solution:  
(a) Potential at the mid point of the line joining the charges Q1Q_1 and Q2-Q_2 is
V=k  Q1r2+k  Q2r2V = k \; \frac{Q_1}{\frac{r}{2}} + k \; \frac{Q_2}{\frac{r}{2}}
( rr is the distance between Q1Q_1 and Q2-Q_2 )
Or, V=  2kQ1r  2kQ2rV = \; \frac{2 k Q_1}{r} - \; \frac{2 k Q_2}{r}
Work done to place Q3Q_3 is W=V×Q3W = V \times Q_3
Or, W=(  2kQ1r  2kQ2r)×Q3W = \left( \; \frac{2 k Q_1}{r} - \; \frac{2 k Q_2}{r} \right) \times Q_3
    W=  2kr(Q1Q2)Q3\therefore \;\; W = \; \frac{2k}{r} (Q_1-Q_2) Q_3
(b) Work done will be zero when V=0V=0
Let us consider that a point at a distance xx from the charge Q1Q_1 where the potential will be zero.
So,   kQ1x  kQ2rx=0\; \frac{k Q_1}{x} - \; \frac{k Q_2}{r-x} = 0
Or,   Q1x  Q2rx=0\; \frac{Q_1}{x} - \; \frac{Q_2}{r-x} = 0
Or,     Q1x=  Q2rx\;\; \frac{Q_1}{x} = \; \frac{Q_2}{r-x}
Or, Q1(rx)=Q2xQ_1(r-x)=Q_2 x
    x=  Q1rQ1+Q2\therefore \;\; x = \; \frac{Q_1 r}{Q_1+Q_2}
So, at a distance   Q1rQ1+Q2\; \frac{Q_1 r}{Q_1+Q_2} from charge Q1Q_1 on the line joining the two charges, the work done will be zero.
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