(a) Production of infrared waves: ● Any object having temperature emits infrared (even ice emits infrared). ● Sun is a source of infrared. ● Infrared is produced by Nernst lamp, infrared laser etc. Infrared waves are heat waves: ● It increases the vibration of atoms of the substances on which it falls and thus increases the internal energy and temperature of the substance. Uses of infrared: ● It is used for photography at night and through fog. ● It is used for relieve of muscular pain. OR(b) Production of X-rays: ●X-rays are produced when high energy electron beam bombards metallic target of high melting and point heavy atomic weight. ●$X$-ray is produced in Coolidge tube. Uses of X-ray: ●It is used to photograph bones for the diagnosis of any fracture and dislocation. ● It is used to radiotherapy to destroy cancerous cells and to shrink tumors.