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NCERT Class XI Chemistry Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Solutions

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Question : 11 of 40
Marks: +1, -0
What do you understand by isoelectronic species? Name a species that will be isoelectronic with each of the following atoms or ions.
(i) F−\mathrm{F}^{-}
(ii) Ar
(iii) Mg2+\mathrm{Mg}^{2+}
(iv) Rb+\mathrm{Rb}^{+}
Solution:  
Isoelectronic species are those which have same number of electrons.
(i) F−\mathrm{F}^{-} has 10 electrons. Therefore, the species N3−,O2−,Ne,Na+,Mg2+\mathrm{N}^{3-}, \mathrm{O}^{2-}, \mathrm{Ne}, \mathrm{Na}^{+}, \mathrm{Mg}^{2+}, etc., are isoelectronic with F−\mathrm{F}^{-}.
(ii) Ar has 18 electrons. Therefore, the species P3−,S2−,Cl−,K+,Ca2+\mathrm{P}^{3-}, \mathrm{S}^{2-}, \mathrm{Cl}^{-}, \mathrm{K}^{+}, \mathrm{Ca}^{2+}, etc., are isoelectronic with Ar.
(iii) Mg2+\mathrm{Mg}^{2+} has 10 electrons. Therefore, the species N3−,O2−,Ne,Na+\mathrm{N}^{3-}, \mathrm{O}^{2-}, \mathrm{Ne}, \mathrm{Na}^{+}, etc., are isoelectronic with Mg2+\mathrm{Mg}^{2+}.
(iv) Rb+\mathrm{Rb}^{+} has 36 electrons. Therefore, the species Br−\mathrm{Br}^{-}, Kr, Sr2+\mathrm{Sr}^{2+}, etc., are isoelectronic with Rb+\mathrm{Rb}^{+}.
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