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NCERT Class XI Chemistry The p-Block Elements Solutions
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Question : 7 of 38
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Describe the shapes of and . Assign the hybridisation of boron in these species.
Solution:
has a planar triangular structure which arises from the hybrid orbitals. (ground sytate) B 2s :
2p :
(excited state) B 2s :
2p :
These three hybrid orbitals are directed towards the corners of triangle and has a trigonal structure.
may be assumed to be made of a central B atom, 3H atoms and onehydride ion . In order to accommodate the 3H atoms and one ion, B undergoes hybridisation yielding four orbitals, 3 of which contain one each and one is empty. The fourth, empty orbital accomodates the ion. Thus, the structure of is tetrahedral. 
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