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NCERT Class XI Chemistry The s-Block Elements Solutions

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Question : 29 of 32
Marks: +1, -0
How would you explain the following observations?
(i) BeO is almost insoluble but BeSO4\mathrm{BeSO_4} is soluble in water.
(ii) BaO is soluble but BaSO4\mathrm{BaSO_4} is insoluble in water.
(iii) LiI is more soluble than KI in ethanol.
Solution:  
(i) BeO is almost insoluble in water as it is covalent in nature and tightly held together in the solid state while BeSO4\mathrm{BeSO_4} is highly soluble in water due to high energy of solvation of smaller Be2+\mathrm{Be}^{2+} ion.
(ii) The size of O2\mathrm{O}^{2-} ion is much smaller than that of the SO42\mathrm{SO}_4^{2-} ion. Since a bigger anion stabilises a bigger cation more than a smaller anion therefore, the lattice energy of BaO is much smaller than that of BaSO4\mathrm{BaSO_4} and hence BaO is soluble while BaSO4\mathrm{BaSO_4} is insoluble in water.
(iii) LiI having much more covalent character than KI because of small size of Li+ as compared to K+\mathrm{K}^{+}. Hence, LiI is more soluble in ethanol.
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