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NCERT Class XI Mathematics - Sequences and Series - Solutions

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Question : 71 of 106
Marks: +1, -0
11×2+12×3+13×4\frac{1}{1 \times 2} + \frac{1}{2 \times 3} + \frac{1}{3 \times 4} ...
Solution:  
In the given series there is sum of multiple of corresponding terms of two A.P.’s. The two A.P.’s are
(i) 11,12,13\frac{1}{1},\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{3} , ... and
(ii) 12,13,14\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{3},\frac{1}{4} , ...
Now the nth term of sum is
ana_n = (nth term of the sequence formed by first A.P.) × (nth term of the sequence formed by second A.P.)
= 1n×1n+1\frac{1}{n} \times \frac{1}{n+1} = 1n(n+1)\frac{1}{n(n+1)} = n+1−nn(n+1)\frac{n+1-n}{n(n+1)} = n+1n(n+1)−nn(n+1)\frac{n+1}{n(n+1)} - \frac{n}{n(n+1)} = 1n−1n+1\frac{1}{n} - \frac{1}{n+1}
Hence, the sum to n terms is,
SnS_n = ∑k=1nak\sum_{k=1}^{n} a_k = ∑k=1n(1k−1k+1)\sum_{k=1}^{n} \left( \frac{1}{k} - \frac{1}{k+1} \right)
= ∑k=1n1k−∑k=1n1k+1\sum_{k=1}^{n} \frac{1}{k} - \sum_{k=1}^{n} \frac{1}{k+1} = (11+12+13+⋯+1n)\left( \frac{1}{1} + \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{3} + \cdots + \frac{1}{n} \right) - (12+13+⋯+1n+1)\left( \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{3} + \cdots + \frac{1}{n+1} \right)
= 1 + 12−12+13−13\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{3} - \frac{1}{3} + ... + 1n−1n−1n+1\frac{1}{n} - \frac{1}{n} - \frac{1}{n+1} = 1 - 1n+1\frac{1}{n+1} = n+1−1n+1\frac{n+1-1}{n+1} = nn+1\frac{n}{n+1}
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