CBSE Class 10 Science 2018 Solved Paper

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Question : 3
Total: 27
A compound ' X ' on heating with excess conc. sulphuric acid at 443K gives an unsaturated compound ' Y '. ' X ' also reacts with sodium metal to evolve a colourless gas ' Z '. Identify ' X ', ' Y ' and ' Z '. Write the equation of the chemical reaction of formation of ' Y ' and also write the role of sulphuric acid in the reaction.
Solution:  
CompoundX
Heating
excess.conc
H2SO4
at443K
Unsaturated compound
Y

CH3CH2OH
Ethanol
Conc. H2SO4
443K
CH2=CH2
Ethene
+
H2O
water

X=CH3CH2OH (ethanol)
Y=CH2=CH2 (ethene)
CH3CH2OH+NaCH3CH2ONa+H2
Z= Hydrogen gas.
Here, concentrated sulphuric acid acts as a dehydrating agent, it removes water molecule from ethanol.
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