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Question : 37
Total: 39
The melting points and boiling points of some ionic compounds are given below:
These compounds are termed ionic because they are formed by the transfer of electrons from a metal to a non-metal. The electron transfer in such compounds is controlled by the electronic configuration of the elements involved. Every element tends to attain a completely filled valence shell of its nearest noble gas or a stable octet.
(i) Show the electron transfer in the formation of magnesium chloride.
(ii) List two properties of ionic compounds other than their high melting and boiling points.
(iii) (A) While forming an ionic compound say sodium chloride how does sodium atom attain its stable configuration?
OR
(iii) (B) Give reasons:
(i) Why do ionic compounds in the solid state not conduct electricity?
(ii) What happens at the cathode when electricity is passed through an aqueous solution of sodium chloride?
| Compound | Melting Point (K) | Boiling Point (K) |
|---|---|---|
| | 1074 | 1686 |
| | 887 | 1600 |
| | 1045 | 1900 |
| | 2850 | 3120 |
| | 981 | 31685 |
(i) Show the electron transfer in the formation of magnesium chloride.
(ii) List two properties of ionic compounds other than their high melting and boiling points.
(iii) (A) While forming an ionic compound say sodium chloride how does sodium atom attain its stable configuration?
OR
(iii) (B) Give reasons:
(i) Why do ionic compounds in the solid state not conduct electricity?
(ii) What happens at the cathode when electricity is passed through an aqueous solution of sodium chloride?
Solution:
(i) Electron transfer in the formation of magnesium chloride:
1. Solubility: Electrovalent compounds are generally soluble in water and insoluble in solvents such as kerosene, petrol, etc.
2. Conduction of Electricity: The conduction of electricity through a solution involves the movement of charged particles. A solution of an ionic compound in water contains ions, which move to the opposite electrodes when electricity is passed through the solution. Ionic compounds in the solid state do not conduct electricity because movement of ions in the solid is not possible due to their rigid structure. But ionic compounds conduct electricity in the molten state. This is possible in the molten state since the electrostatic forces of attraction between the oppositely charged ions are overcome due to the heat. Thus, the ions move freely and conduct electricity.
(iii) (A) Sodium atom has one electron in its outermost shell. If it loses the electron from itsM L Na + K , L M Cl −
OR
(iii) (B) (i) The conduction of electricity through a solution involves the movement of charged particles. A solution of an ionic compound in water contains ions, which move to the opposite electrodes when electricity is passed through the solution. Ionic compounds in the solid state do not conduct electricity because movement of ions in the solid is not possible due to their rigid structure. But ionic compounds conduct electricity in the molten state. This is possible in the molten state since the electrostatic forces of attraction between the oppositely charged ions are overcome due to the heat. Thus, the ions move freely and conduct electricity.
(ii) Hydrogen gas in released in double the amount of oxygen released at anode when electricity is passed through an aqueous solution of sodium chloride.
(ii) The two properties of ions compounds are:
1. Solubility: Electrovalent compounds are generally soluble in water and insoluble in solvents such as kerosene, petrol, etc.
2. Conduction of Electricity: The conduction of electricity through a solution involves the movement of charged particles. A solution of an ionic compound in water contains ions, which move to the opposite electrodes when electricity is passed through the solution. Ionic compounds in the solid state do not conduct electricity because movement of ions in the solid is not possible due to their rigid structure. But ionic compounds conduct electricity in the molten state. This is possible in the molten state since the electrostatic forces of attraction between the oppositely charged ions are overcome due to the heat. Thus, the ions move freely and conduct electricity.
(iii) (A) Sodium atom has one electron in its outermost shell. If it loses the electron from its
OR
(iii) (B) (i) The conduction of electricity through a solution involves the movement of charged particles. A solution of an ionic compound in water contains ions, which move to the opposite electrodes when electricity is passed through the solution. Ionic compounds in the solid state do not conduct electricity because movement of ions in the solid is not possible due to their rigid structure. But ionic compounds conduct electricity in the molten state. This is possible in the molten state since the electrostatic forces of attraction between the oppositely charged ions are overcome due to the heat. Thus, the ions move freely and conduct electricity.
(ii) Hydrogen gas in released in double the amount of oxygen released at anode when electricity is passed through an aqueous solution of sodium chloride.
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