(i) India has witnessed intensive industrialisation and urbanisation for the last few years. The ever increasing number of industries has made matter worse by exerting pressure on existing fresh water resources. Fresh water is required in thermal energy plants and steel industries on a large scale.
(ii) Industries, apart from being heavy users of water also require power to run it which in turn needs additional water.
(iii) We have to consider a situation where water is sufficiently available but these areas still suffer from water scarcity. This scarcity may be due to bad quality of water or polluted water.