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Question : 8
Total: 26
Describe the impact of 'Rinderpest' on people's livelihoods and local economy in Africa in the 1890s.
OR
Describe any three major problems faced by Indian cotton weavers in nineteenth century.
OR
Describe any three steps taken to clean up London during nineteenth century.**
OR
Describe any three major problems faced by Indian cotton weavers in nineteenth century.
OR
Describe any three steps taken to clean up London during nineteenth century.**
Solution:
Impact of 'Rinderpest' on people's livelihoods and local economy in Africa were :
(i) Rinderpest killed90 %
(ii) The loss of cattle destroyed Africa livelihood.
(iii) Forced Africans into labour market.
During the eighteenth century, Indian cotton was in high demand throughout the world. But with the starting of nineteenth century, the demand for cotton declined drastically. The main reasons were :
(i) Industrial revolution in England : With the growth of cotton industry in England, Britain stopped importing cotton textile from India. Thus, the Indian textile industry started losing its control over the international trade.
(ii) Indian weavers failed to compete in market : The local market was flooded with Manchester goods (goods imported from Britain). Those imported cotton goods were so cheap that Indian weavers could not easily compete with them.
(iii) Shortage of raw material : Due to the American civil war, cotton supplies from the US was cut off, Britain turned to India. As cotton exports from India increased, the price of raw cotton increased. Weavers in India did not get sufficient cotton and they were forced to buy raw cotton at high prices.
OR
The problems faced by the cotton weavers in India during 19th century are as follows :
(i) A long decline of textile exports from India made them jobless and revenue less. Weaving regions of India narrated sorrowful stories.
(ii) The local market shrank, being glutted with Manchester imports. The imports from Manchester were considered superior. They had thus monopolized the market and this further resulted in decrease in their sales.
(iii) Produced by machines at lower costs, the imported cotton goods were so cheap that weavers could not easily compete with them.
(iv) By the 1860s, the weavers began to face a new problem. They could not get sufficient supply of raw cotton of goods quality. Civil War had broken out and cotton supplies from the US were cut off and then Britain had to turn to India for raw cotton. As cotton exports from India increased, the price of raw cotton shot up. Weavers in India were starved of supplies and forced to buy raw cotton at exorbitant prices. In this, situation they suffered heavy losses and problems.
(v) Factories in India began production, flooding the market with machine goods increasing more problems.
(i) Rinderpest killed
(ii) The loss of cattle destroyed Africa livelihood.
(iii) Forced Africans into labour market.
During the eighteenth century, Indian cotton was in high demand throughout the world. But with the starting of nineteenth century, the demand for cotton declined drastically. The main reasons were :
(i) Industrial revolution in England : With the growth of cotton industry in England, Britain stopped importing cotton textile from India. Thus, the Indian textile industry started losing its control over the international trade.
(ii) Indian weavers failed to compete in market : The local market was flooded with Manchester goods (goods imported from Britain). Those imported cotton goods were so cheap that Indian weavers could not easily compete with them.
(iii) Shortage of raw material : Due to the American civil war, cotton supplies from the US was cut off, Britain turned to India. As cotton exports from India increased, the price of raw cotton increased. Weavers in India did not get sufficient cotton and they were forced to buy raw cotton at high prices.
OR
The problems faced by the cotton weavers in India during 19th century are as follows :
(i) A long decline of textile exports from India made them jobless and revenue less. Weaving regions of India narrated sorrowful stories.
(ii) The local market shrank, being glutted with Manchester imports. The imports from Manchester were considered superior. They had thus monopolized the market and this further resulted in decrease in their sales.
(iii) Produced by machines at lower costs, the imported cotton goods were so cheap that weavers could not easily compete with them.
(iv) By the 1860s, the weavers began to face a new problem. They could not get sufficient supply of raw cotton of goods quality. Civil War had broken out and cotton supplies from the US were cut off and then Britain had to turn to India for raw cotton. As cotton exports from India increased, the price of raw cotton shot up. Weavers in India were starved of supplies and forced to buy raw cotton at exorbitant prices. In this, situation they suffered heavy losses and problems.
(v) Factories in India began production, flooding the market with machine goods increasing more problems.
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