(i) Gathering and analyzing market information: Marketers collect important market information so as to suitably identify the needs of the customers. This helps the organisation to identify and analyze the various business opportunities and threats.
(ii) Market planning: Market planning is one of the basic functions of marketing. Marketers 'plan the various steps required to get the goals and objectives of marketing. In order to do so; they conduct a market research to analyze the requirements and preferences of the customers. Market research helps marketers to develop a most suitable plan, covering decisions related to the production of a product and its promotion, to increase the number of customers.
(iii) Physical distribution: This element of the marketing mix basically deals with the movement of finished goods and services from producers to consumers, through middlemen and intermediaries. During this phase, the firms undertake different distribution channels such as Zero level, First level, etc., depending on the type and nature of the goods produced. The choice of appropriate distribution channel holds prime importance, as opting for an inappropriate distribution channel may either unnecessarily raise the price of the good or deteriorate the quality of the product.