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CBSE Class 12 Physics 2022 Term 2 Outside Delhi Set 1 Solved Paper

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Question : 4 of 12
Marks: +1, -0
State Bohr's postulate to explain stable orbits in a hydrogen atom. Prove that the speed with which the electron revolves in nth orbit is proportional to (1n)\left(\frac{1}{n}\right). 3
Solution:  
Bohr's postulate to explain stable orbits in a hydrogen atom:The stationary orbits are those orbits for which the angular momentum of the electron is an integral multiple of h2π\frac{h}{2\pi}, where hh is Planck's constant.
Electron in an atom revolves because of the balance of Coulomb force of attraction between the protons and electrons and the centripetal force.
In nthn^{\text{th}} orbit, mvn2rn=14πε0e2rn2\frac{m v^2_n}{r_n} = \frac{1}{4\pi\varepsilon_0} \frac{e^2}{r^2_n}
vn=e4πε0mrn(i)\therefore v_n = \frac{e}{\sqrt{4\pi\varepsilon_0 m r_n}} \dots (i)
Again, rn=ε0h2n2e2πm(ii)r_n = \frac{\varepsilon_0 h^2 n^2}{e^2 \pi m} \dots (ii)
Putting in equation (i)
vn=e4πε0mε0h2n2e2πmv_n = \frac{e}{\sqrt{4\pi\varepsilon_0 m \frac{\varepsilon_0 h^2 n^2}{e^2 \pi m}}}
=e22ε0hm= \frac{e^2}{2\varepsilon_0 h m}
vn1n\therefore v_n \propto \frac{1}{n}
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