NCERT Class XI Chemistry Solutions
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Question : 32
Total: 40
Distinguish between a sigma and a pi bond.
Solution:
Comparison between σ and π bonds :
| Sigma bond | Pi bond |
|---|---|
| 1. The bond is formed by the overlap of orbitals along their axes (end to end overlap). It includes s‑s and p‑p overlapping. | The bond is formed by sidewise overlapping of orbitals (lateral overlapping). It includes p-p overlapping. |
| 2. It is a strong bond. | It is a weak bond. |
| 3. There can be free rotation of atoms around this bond. | Free rotation is not possible around this bond. |
| 4. The shape of the molecule is determined by these bonds. | These bonds do not affect the shape of the molecule. |
| 5. σ-electrons are referred to as localized electrons. | π-electrons are referred to as mobile electrons. |
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