NCERT Class XI Mathematics - Conic Sections - Solutions
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Question : 11
Total: 71
Find the equation of the circle passing through the points (2, 3) and (–1, 1) and whose centre is on the line x – 3y – 11 = 0.
Solution:
The equation of the circle is,
( x – h ) 2 + ( y – k ) 2 = r 2 ....(i)
Since the circle passes through point (2, 3)
∴( 2 – h ) 2 + ( 3 – k ) 2 = r 2
⇒ 4 +h 2 – 4h + 9 + k 2 – 6k = r 2
⇒h 2 + k 2 – 4h – 6k + 13 = r 2 ....(ii)
Also, the circle passes through point (–1, 1)
∴( – 1 – h ) 2 + ( 1 – k ) 2 = r 2 ⇒ 1 + h 2 + 2h + 1 + k 2 – 2k = r 2
⇒h 2 + k 2 + 2h – 2k + 2 = r 2 ....(iii)
From (ii) and (iii), we have
h 2 + k 2 – 4h – 6k + 13 = h 2 + k 2 + 2h – 2k + 2
⇒ –6h – 4k = –11 ⇒ 6h + 4k = 11 .....(iv)
Since the centre (h, k) of the circle lies on the line x – 3y – 11 = 0.
∴ h – 3k – 11 = 0 ⇒ h – 3k = 11 ...(v)
Solving (iv) and (v), we get h =
and k = −
Putting these values of h and k in (ii), we get
(
) 2 + ( −
) 2 -
− 6 ×
+ 13 = r 2
⇒
+
− 14 + 15 + 13 = r 2 ⇒ r 2 =
Thus required equation of circle is( x −
) 2 + ( y +
) 2 =
⇒x 2 +
− 7 x + y 2 +
+ 5 y =
⇒4 x 2 + 49 – 28 x + 4 y 2 + 25 + 20y = 130 ⇒ 4 x 2 + 4 y 2 – 28x + 20y – 56 = 0
⇒ 4(x 2 + y 2 – 7x + 5y – 14) = 0 ⇒ x 2 + y 2 – 7x + 5y – 14 = 0.
Since the circle passes through point (2, 3)
∴
⇒ 4 +
⇒
Also, the circle passes through point (–1, 1)
∴
⇒
From (ii) and (iii), we have
⇒ –6h – 4k = –11 ⇒ 6h + 4k = 11 .....(iv)
Since the centre (h, k) of the circle lies on the line x – 3y – 11 = 0.
∴ h – 3k – 11 = 0 ⇒ h – 3k = 11 ...(v)
Solving (iv) and (v), we get h =
Putting these values of h and k in (ii), we get
⇒
Thus required equation of circle is
⇒
⇒
⇒ 4(
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