Units and Measurement
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Question : 27
Total: 33
Estimate the average mass density of a sodium atom assuming its size to be about 2.5 Å. (Use the known values of Avogadro’s number and the atomic mass of sodium). Compare it with the density of sodium in itscrystalline phase : 970 kg m– 3 . Are the two densities of the same order ofmagnitude? If so, why?
Solution:
Here, average radius of sodium atom,r = 2.5 Å = 2.5 × 10 – 10 m
∴ Volume of sodium atom=
π r 3
=
× 3.14 × ( 2.5 × 10 − 10 ) 3
= 65.42 × 10 − 30 m 3
Mass of a mole of sodium= 23 gram
= 23 × 10 − 3 k g
Also we know that each mole contains6.023 × 10 23 atoms, hence the massof sodium atom,
M =
k g
= 3.82 × 10 − 26 k g
∴ Average mass density of sodium atom.
ρ =
=
k g m − 3
= 0.58 × 10 3 k g m − 3
Density of sodium in crystalline phase= 970 k g m – 3 = 0.970 × 10 3 k g m – 3
∴
=
= 0.66
Yes, both densities are of the same order of magnitude, i.e. of the order of103 .
This is because in the solid phase atoms are tightly packed.
∴ Volume of sodium atom
Mass of a mole of sodium
Also we know that each mole contains
Density of sodium in crystalline phase
Yes, both densities are of the same order of magnitude, i.e. of the order of10
This is because in the solid phase atoms are tightly packed.
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