NCERT Class XII Chemistry
Chapter - Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Questions with Solutions

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Question : 3
Total: 45
(i) Draw the structures of all isomeric alcohols of molecular formula C5H12O and give their IUPAC names.
(ii) Classify the isomers of alcohols in question 3 (i) as primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols.
Solution:  
The isomeric alcohols with molecular formula C5H12O are :
(i) (a)
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH
Pentanol(1°)

(b)
CH3CH2CH2
*
C
|
OH
H
C
H3
Pentan2ol(2°)

(c)
CH3CH2
C
|
OH
H
C
H2
C
H3
Pentan3ol(2°)

(d)
H3CH2CH
*
C
|
CH3
C
H2
O
H
2Methylbutan1ol(1°)

(e)
CH3
CH3
|
C
H
C
H2
C
H2
O
H
3Methylbutane1ol(1°)

(f)
CH3
CH3
|
C
|
OH
C
H2
C
H3
2Methylbutan2ol(3°)

(g)
CH3
CH3
|
C
|
CH3
CH2
OH
2,2Dimethylpropan1ol(1°)

(h)
CH3
CH3
|
C
H
OH
|
C
*
H
CH3
3Methylbutan2ol(2°)

Isomers (b), (d) and (h) contain chiral carbon atoms thus, they exhibit enantiomerism.
(ii) Isomers (a), (d), (e) and (g) are primary alcohols.
Isomers (b), (c) and (h) are secondary alcohols.
Isomer (f) is a tertiary alcohol.
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