To find α−1+β−1+γ−1, we consider that α,β, and γ are the roots of the equation:x3+ax2+bx+c=0.From Vieta's formulas, we know:α+β+γ=−a,αβ+βγ+γα=b,αβγ=−c.To find the sum of the reciprocals of the roots:α−1+β−1+γ−1=α1+β1+γ1Utilizing the identity for sums of reciprocals, this can be rewritten as:α−1+β−1+γ−1=αβγβγ+αγ+αβ.Substituting the known values from Vieta's formulas, we get:α−1+β−1+γ−1=−cb=−cb.