Concept:The gene is the fundamental unit that carries hereditary information from parents to offspring.
Explanation:Heredity is the process by which traits are transmitted from one generation to the next.
A gene is a specific segment of
DNA present on chromosomes.
Each gene contains a code that determines a particular characteristic in an individual.
Genes are responsible for the production of functional proteins in the body.
They are passed from parents to children during reproduction.
The human genome is estimated to contain around
30,000 genes.
Chromosomes only carry genes, and a zygote is the cell formed after fertilization.
Therefore, the basic unit of heredity is the gene.
Answer:Option A: gene.