Concept:Formative assessment is a continuous process that monitors student learning and gives feedback to improve.Explanation:Formative assessment does not create competition. It is not only for testing teachers. Instead, it provides qualitative feedback to learners during the learning process. This feedback helps students identify their strengths and weaknesses. It also helps teachers adjust their instruction. Tools like oral tests, portfolios, and class tests are used. The main goal is to improve learning, not rank students.Answer:C. providing qualitative feedback to learners to improve.