Concept:Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory emphasises that language is a key cultural tool that actively shapes cognition.
Explanation:Vygotsky argued that children’s cognitive development is driven by social interaction. Language is the main medium through which these interactions occur.
During early years, children use speech to communicate with others. Later, inner speech (self-talk) guides thinking and problem-solving.
Thought and language become interconnected as children mature. Complex mental abilities are built from social, language-based exchanges.
Thus, language does not just express thoughts – it actively organises and develops them. This role is central to cognitive growth.
Answer:Option A: plays a central role in cognitive development.