Concept:Progressive education, based on John Dewey’s philosophy, treats children as active learners who construct knowledge through hands-on experiences and interaction with their environment.
Explanation:Progressive education rejects passive learning. It emphasises learning by doing, problem-solving, and collaboration.
Children are seen as curious and capable of exploring their surroundings to learn.
This view contrasts with other theories: it is not about god‑given ethics (option A), not a blank slate (option B, tabula rasa), and not a miniature adult (option C).
Instead, children are regarded as natural explorers who learn best when they actively engage with real‑world experiences.
Answer:D. curious beings who learn through exploration of their surroundings.