Concept:Summative assessment is a final evaluation that measures what students have learned at the end of a term or course. It is used for grading and reporting.Explanation:Summative assessment happens after the teaching-learning process is complete. Its main purpose is to judge and classify student achievement. Examples include end-of-term exams, final projects, or unit tests. This type of assessment gives a clear picture of a student’s overall performance. It is commonly called "assessment of learning" because it checks the final learning outcome. Unlike formative assessment, which happens during learning to guide improvement, summative assessment is used for certifying and promoting students to the next level. In short, summative assessment sums up learning at a point in time.Answer:D. assessment of learning