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GUJCET 2024 Biology Paper

Question : 3 of 40

Marks: +1, -0

\alpha-1

antitrypsin is used?

Solution:

Concept:

\alpha

-1 antitrypsin is a protein used to treat a specific lung disease caused by its deficiency.

Explanation:

$\alpha$ -1 antitrypsin (AAT) is a protease inhibitor that protects lung tissue from enzymes released by inflammatory cells.

Deficiency of AAT leads to emphysema — a chronic lung disease where alveolar walls are destroyed due to unchecked protease activity.

Recombinant AAT (produced via biotechnology) is used as a therapeutic agent for emphysema caused by AAT deficiency.

Sickle-cell anaemia and thalassemia are blood disorders; AIDS is a viral immunodeficiency — none are treated with AAT.

Answer:

B. Emphysema

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