(3) It is mentioned in the Constitution that – the executive powers of the President are to be exercised by the Council of Ministers. “There shall be a Council of ministers with the Prime Minister at the head to aid and advise the President in the exercise of his functions”. the President is the constitutional head of State,but the real head of the government is the PM. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President, but he does not have his discretion in that appointment. Normally the President has to invite leader of the majority party in the Lok Sabha to form the government. In case no single party gets a clear majority, the President invites the individual commanding the support of two or more parties which make up majority in the Lok Sabha. The Prime Minister is usually a leader of the majority party in Lok Sabha. However, there have been cases in past where a member of Rajya Sabha was appointed as the Prime Minister. For example, Mrs. Indira Gandhi was first appointed as Prime Minster in 1966, and Mr. I. K. Gujral in 1997 or when Rajya Sabha member Dr. Manmohan Singh became the Prime Minister in 2004. In 1996 H.D. Deve Gowda was not a member of any House yet he was appointed PM, he later entered the Rajya Sabha.