MHTCET 11 May 2024 Shift 2 Paper

Concept:Crystal structure is determined by analysing how X-rays are diffracted by the regular arrangement of atoms in a crystal.Explanation:X-ray diffractometer is the instrument used to find crystal structure.It works on the principle of X-ray diffraction (XRD).X-rays are directed onto the crystal, and the angles and intensities of the diffracted rays are recorded.This diffraction follows Bragg's law:$$n\lambda = 2d\sin\theta$$Here, $n$ is the order of diffraction,$\lambda$ is the wavelength of X-rays,$d$ is the interplanar spacing,and $\theta$ is the Bragg angle.The obtained diffraction pattern reveals the lattice parameters, crystal planes, and phase of the material.UV-Visible spectrophotometer is used for measuring light absorption, not crystal structure.Scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope are used to study surface morphology and internal structure, not crystal lattice arrangement.Therefore, the correct instrument is the X-ray diffractometer.Answer:A. X-ray diffractometer