(D) The Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the year 2014 was given jointly to Eric Betzig,Stefan W. Hell and William E.Moerner ‘for the development of super-resolved fluorescence microscopy’. Two separate principles are rewarded. One enables the method of stimulated emission depletion(STED) microscopy, developed by Stefan Hell in 2000. Eric Betzig and William Moerner,working separately, laid the foundation for the second method, single-molecule microscopy.