Concept:Esterification of a carboxylic acid followed by catalytic hydrogenation converts the acid to an alcohol.Chemical Equation / Formula:CH3​COOH+CH3​OHH+​CH3​COOCH3​+H2​OThen CH3​COOCH3​+2H2​catalyst​CH3​CH2​OH+CH3​OHExplanation:The first step is Fischer esterification: acetic acid and methanol form methyl acetate in acidic medium.The second step is hydrogenolysis of the ester: the C–O bond is cleaved by hydrogen to yield ethanol and methanol.This overall reaction corresponds to the transformation CH3​COOH(i)CH3​OH, H+ (ii)H2​, catalyst​CH3​CH2​OH.In the given matching exercise, List I (B) contains this reaction, and List II (III) contains the product ethanol.Following the same pattern for other entries, the correct pairing is A→II, B→III, C→IV, D→I.Shortcut:Omitted.
