Concept:Kala Azar is a parasitic disease transmitted by the bite of infected sandflies.
Explanation:Kala Azar, also known as visceral leishmaniasis, is caused by protozoa of the genus
Leishmania.
It is spread through the bite of infected female sandflies (
Phlebotomus species).
The disease affects internal organs such as the liver, spleen, and bone marrow, and can be fatal if untreated.
Common symptoms include prolonged fever, weight loss, weakness, anemia, and swelling of the spleen and liver.
Kala Azar is endemic in several African and Asian countries, including India, Sudan, Ethiopia, and Kenya.
The World Health Organization (WHO) lists it as a neglected tropical disease and aims to eliminate it as a public health problem.
Option A (viral fever from mosquitoes) is incorrect because Kala Azar is parasitic, not viral, and transmitted by sandflies, not mosquitoes.
Option B (bacterial infection from contaminated water) is wrong because Kala Azar is vector-borne, not waterborne.
Option D (genetic disorder of red blood cells) is false because Kala Azar is an infectious disease, not inherited.
Answer:The correct option is C: A parasitic disease caused by sandfly bites.