(76–80) : (i) All journals are periodicals →Universal Affirmative (A–type).
(ii) Some journals are periodicals →Particular Affirmative (I–type).
(iii) No journal is a periodical → Universal Negative (E–type).
(iv) Some journals are not periodicals→ Particular Negative (O–type).
(76–77) : Some journals are
periodicals All
periodicals are bulleteins
I + A ⇒ I – type of Conclusion
“Some journals are bulleteins.” (P)
Venn diagrams of “Some journals are periodicals.”
Diagram II contradicts Conclusion I.
Combine diagrams II and V :
This diagram supports Conclusion II.