All leaves are roots. No root is a tree. A + E ⇒ E-type of Conclusion “No leaf is a tree.” This is Conclusion I. No root is a tree. All trees are bushes. A + E ⇒ O1-type of Conclusion “Some bushes are not roots.” No leaf is a tree. All trees are bushes. E + A ⇒ O1-type of Conclusion “Some bushes are not leaves.” This is Conclusion II.