Concept:This case challenged the constitutional validity of Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) on the grounds that it violated fundamental rights under Articles 14, 15, and 21.
Explanation:Naz Foundation filed a petition in 2001 before the Delhi High Court against Section 377 IPC.
Initially, a two-judge bench dismissed it in 2004 as an academic challenge.
The Supreme Court then directed the High Court to rehear the case.
In 2009, the Delhi High Court delivered a landmark judgment, declaring that Section 377 IPC, to the extent it criminalises consensual sexual acts between adults in private, violates Articles 21, 14, and 15 of the Constitution.
Thus, the court decriminalised such acts.
This decision was later overturned by the Supreme Court in 2013 but then read down again in Navtej Singh Johar vs. Union of India (2018).
Nevertheless, the question specifically refers to the initial constitutional challenge, which was decided in Naz Foundation vs. Government of NCT of Delhi and others.
Other options are unrelated: Shreya Singhal dealt with Section 66A of IT Act (free speech), Vishakha addressed sexual harassment at workplace, and Shayara Bano concerned Triple Talaq.
Answer:Option D: Naz Foundation vs. Government of NCT of Delhi and others