Concept:Matching separation processes with the correct technique based on the physical properties of the components.
Explanation:Separation of acetone and water from their mixture: Both are miscible liquids with different boiling points.
Distillation heats the mixture to vaporize the component with the lower boiling point (acetone), then condenses it.
Thus, A matches with 3 (Distillation).
Separation of water and kerosene oil from their mixture: These are immiscible liquids with different densities.
A separating funnel allows the denser water to be drawn off from the bottom.
So, B matches with 4 (Separating Funnel).
Separation of cream from milk: Cream is less dense and can be spun out using high-speed rotation.
Centrifugation separates components based on density differences.
Hence, C matches with 2 (Centrifugation).
Separation of pigments from plant extract: Pigments have different affinities for a stationary phase and a mobile phase.
Chromatography separates them as they move at different rates.
Thus, D matches with 1 (Chromatography).
Answer:A - 3, B - 4, C - 2, D - 1 (Option C).