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Question : 14
Total: 26
In the study of Geiger-Marsdon experiment on scattering of α α
From the relationR = R 0 A 1 ∕ 3 R 0 A A
OR
Distinguish between nuclear fission and fusion. Show how in both these processes energy is released.
Calculate the energy release inMeV
1 2 H + 1 3 H → 2 4 He + n
Using the data:
m ( 1 2 H ) = 2.014102 u
m ( 1 3 H ) = 3.016049 u
m ( 2 4 He ) = 4.002603 u
m n = 1.008665 u
1 u = 931.5 MeV ∕ c 2
From the relation
OR
Distinguish between nuclear fission and fusion. Show how in both these processes energy is released.
Calculate the energy release in
Using the data:
Solution:
(i) Drawing of trajectory
(ii) Explanation of information on the size of nucleus
(iii) Proving that nuclear density is independent of A
α
R = R 0 A 1 ∕ 3
Density =
=
where,m
A: Mass number
=
=
⇒
OR
Distinction between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion
Showing release of energy in both processes Calculation of release of energy
The breaking of heavy nucleus into smaller fragments is called nuclear fission; the joining of lighter nuclei to form a heavy nucleus is called nuclear fusion.
Binding energy per nucleon, of the daughter nuclei, in both processes, is more than that of the parent nuclei. The difference in binding energy is released in the form of energy. In both processes some mass gets converted into energy.
Alternatively:
In both processes, some mass gets converted into energy.
Energy Released
Q = [ m ( 1 2 H ) + m ( 1 3 H ) − m ( 2 4 He ) − m ( n ) ] × × 931.5 MeV
= [ 2.014102 + 3.016049 − 4.002603
= − 1.008665 ] × 931.5 MeV = 0.018883 × 931.5 MeV
= 17.59 MeV
(ii) Explanation of information on the size of nucleus
(iii) Proving that nuclear density is independent of A
Only a small fraction of the incident
where,
A: Mass number
OR
Distinction between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion
Showing release of energy in both processes Calculation of release of energy
The breaking of heavy nucleus into smaller fragments is called nuclear fission; the joining of lighter nuclei to form a heavy nucleus is called nuclear fusion.
Binding energy per nucleon, of the daughter nuclei, in both processes, is more than that of the parent nuclei. The difference in binding energy is released in the form of energy. In both processes some mass gets converted into energy.
Alternatively:
In both processes, some mass gets converted into energy.
Energy Released
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