NCERT Class XI Chemistry Structure of Atom Solutions

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Question : 52
Total: 67
Following results are observed when sodium metal is irradiated with different wavelengths. Calculate (a) threshold wavelength and, (b) Planck’s constant.
λ(nm)500450400
v×105(ms1)2.554.355.20

Solution:  
Let the threshold wavelength = λ0 nm = λ0×109m then
hc(
1
λ
1
λ0
)
=
1
2
m
v2

Substituting the given three experiments,
hc
109
(
1
500
1
λ0
)
=
1
2
m
(2.55×105)2
... (i)
hc
109
(
1
450
1
λ0
)
=
1
2
m
(4.35×105)2
... (ii)
hc
109
(
1
400
1
λ0
)
=
1
2
m
(2.55×105)2
... (iii)
Dividing equation (ii) by equation (i) we get,
λ0450
450λ0
×
500λ0
λ0500
= (
4.35
2.55
)
2
or
λ0450
λ0500
=
450
500
×(
4.35
2.55
)
2

or
λ0450
λ0500
=
9
10
×
18.92
6.50
or
λ0450
λ0500
= 2.62
or λ0 – 450 = 2.62 λ0 – 1310 or – 450 + 1310 = 2.62 λ0λ0
or 860 = 1.62 λ0λ0 =
860
1.62
= 530.86 nm ≈ 531 nm
Putting this in equation (iii), we get
h×3×108
109
(
1
400
1
531
)
=
1
2
(9.1×1031)
(5.20×105)2

h × 3 × 1017(
131
531×400
)
=
1
2
× 27.04 × 1010 × 9.1 × 1031
⇒ h = 6.64 × 1034Js.
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