NCERT Class XI Mathematics - Straight Lines - Solutions

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Question : 43
Total: 74
Find angles between the lines 3x+y = 1 and x + 3y = 1.
Solution:  
The given equations are 3x+y = 1 ... (i)
x + 3y = 1... (ii)
Since we have to find an angle between the two lines i.e., firstly we have to find the slopes of (i) and (ii).
Slope of (i) = m1 = - 3 ... (iii)
Slope of (ii) = m2 =
1
3
... (iv)
Let θ be an angle between the given two lines, then
tan θ = |
m1m2
1+m1m2
|
= |
3(
1
3
)
1+(3).(
1
3
)
|
(from (iii) & (iv))
= |
3+
1
3
1+1
|
= |
(3+1)
23
|
= |
1
3
|
=
1
3

⇒ tan θ =
1
3
⇒ tan θ = tan 30° ⇒ θ = 30°
∴ The angle between the two given lines is 30° and the other angle is 180° – 30° = 150°.
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