The following are the key scientific and technological outstanding contributions that triggered industrial revolution in England and Western Europe during that period i.e. from 1750 A.D. to 1870 A.D:
(i) Steam engine formed on the application of heat and thermodynamics.
British inventor, James Watt in 1769 A.D. invented it and it made possible setting of industries in interior of country, far away from river bank.Machines were then driven by steam power.
(ii) Blast furnace which converts low grade iron into steel cheaply.
(iii) Cotton gin or spinning genny which separates the seeds from cottonthree hundred times faster than by the hand.
(iv) Discovery of electricity helped in designing dynamos and motors.
(v) Discovery of explosives not only helped army but also mineralexploration.
(vi) Study of motion and making guns/canons was led by the study ofgravitation.
(vii) Invention of powerloom which used steampower was used forspinning and weaving.
(viii) Safety lamp which was used safely in mines.