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Question : 17
Total: 27
A pipe 20 cm long is closed at one end. Which harmonic mode of the pipe is resonantly excited by a 430 Hz source? Will the same source be in resonance with the pipe if both ends are open? (speed of sound in air is 340ms1).
Solution:  
Here, L = 20 cm = 0.2 m, υn=430 Hz, v=340ms1
The frequency of nth normal mode of vibration of closed pipe is
υn=(2n1)
v
4L

430=(2n1)
340
4×0.2
or 2n1=
430×4×0.2
340
=1.02

2n=2.02 or n=1.01
Hence it will be the lst normal mode of vibration.
In a pipe, open at both ends, we have
υn=n×
v
2L
n×340
2×0.2
=430

n=
430×2×0.2
340
=0.5

As n has to be an integer, therefore, open organ pipe cannot be in resonance with the source.
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