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NCERT Class XII Chemistry
Chapter - Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
Questions with Solutions

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Question : 9
Total: 28
Write structural formulas and names of four possible aldol condensation products from propanal and butanal. In each case, indicate which aldehyde acts as nucleophile and which as an electrophile
Solution:  
The possible products of aldol condensation from propanal and butanal are
(i)
2CH3CH2CHO
Propanal
dil‌
−
O
‌H
––––––––▶
H3CCH2
OH
|
C
H
CH3
|
C
HCHO
3−Hydroxy−2−methylpentanal
(ii)
2CH3(CH2)2CHO
Butanal
dil‌
−
O
‌H
––––––––▶
H3C(CH2)2−
OH
|
C
H−
CH2CH3
|
C
HCHO
2−Ethyl−3−hydroxyhexanal
(iii) When butanal acts as an electrophile and propanal as nucleophile :
H3C(CH2)2CHO
Butanal
+
CH3CH2CHO
Propanal
−
O
H
––––––––▶
H3C(CH2)2
OH
|
C
H
C
|
CH3
HCHO
3−Hydroxy−2−methylhexanal
(iv) When propanal serves as an electrophile and butanal as nucleophile :
CH3CH2CHO+CH3(CH2)2CHO––––––––▶
H3CCH2
OH
|
C
H−
C2H5
|
C
HCHO
2−Ethyl−3−hydroxypentanal
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