Johann Gregor Mendel was a pioneer of modern genetics.
His breeding experiments in pea plants revealed that hereditary characteristics are determined by discrete factors (genes) that are transmitted to the next generation.
Mendel studied the nature of inheritance in plants and presented his work in 1885 in the paper titled “Experiments on Plant Hybridisation”.
In 1961, the French geneticists Francois Jacob and Jack Monad proposed a model for the process of protein synthesis with the help of DNA in bacterial cells. It helped to uncover the genetic codes hidden in DNA.
In 1902, Walter and Sutton observed the paired chromosomes in the cells of grasshopper.