This question, though it looks a little challenging, is in fact quite simple. You must read the passage twice to get some basic understanding of it. The first sentence says that scientific knowledge can be approached from a number of perspectives. Studying something from the perspective of a particular profession would lead to institutionalization of that knowledge. Though it helps, it restricts knowledge production to a domain of few, which results in power centered in the hands of few, preventing the non-professional actors from offering their ideas. The above simplification helps us arrive at option 3 as the right choice. Options 1 and 4 are against the author's stand in the passage. Option 1 is not the core message, but an inference that can be derived from the above passage.