1. The given reaction is an Etard reaction, in which toluene reacts with chromyl chloride
(CrO2Cl2), to give benzaldehyde.
Hence, statement ( 1 ) is correct answer.
2. Nitration of benzene is an example of electrophilic substitution, in which
−NO2 group is replaced by hydrogen atoms, attached to the ring. Hence, statement (2) is wrong.
3.
AlCl3 is a strong Lewis acid, in Friedel-Craft reaction, it will keep the halide part away from the aromatic ring by making a complex
[AlCl3−X] Thus, the given statement is wrong.
4. Nitration of benzene is carried out by a mixture of
HNO3 (conc.) and
H2SO4 (conc.).
(i)
H2SO4 (conc.)
+HNO3 (conc.)
─────▸[H2NO3]+.[HSO4]− (ii)
[H2NO3]+ ─────▸NO2++H2O In this reaction,
HNO3 (conc.) behaves as a base.
Thus, statement (iv) is correct.
Hence, statements
(2) and
(3) are wrong.
Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.