The Mathematics curriculum at the upper primary level aims to develop a number of mathematical skills and processes in children such as handling abstraction, problem solving, mathematical communication, conjecturing and searching for proofs. At the upper primary stage, children get the first taste of the power of Mathematics through the application of powerful abstract concepts that compress previous learning and experience. This enables them to revisit and consolidate basic concepts and skills learnt at the primary stage, which is essential from the point of view of achieving universal mathematical literacy. Children are introduced to algebraic notation and its use in solving problems and in generalisation, to the systematic study of space and shapes, and for consolidating their knowledge of measurement. Data handling, representation and interpretation form a significant part of the ability of dealing with information in general, which is a fundamental ‘life skill’. The learning at this stage also offers an opportunity to enrich children’s spatial reasoning and visualisation skills.